1995

1995 was a year in the Gregorian calendar, beginning on a Sunday. It occurred during a period when the world was recovering from the end of the Cold War, and states were rebuilding their commercial and security relationships.

The year is remembered for advances in commercial internet adoption among the general public, and peace initiatives aimed at ending civil conflicts in Europe and Africa.

Global commerce

In January 1995, the World Trade Organization (WTO) formally began operations, replacing the earlier GATT agreement. The organization sets rules for cross-border commerce and the mechanism for resolving disputes between states.

Europe

The European Union expanded in 1995 with three new member states: Austria, Finland, and Sweden. The same year saw implementation of the Schengen Agreement on freedom of movement among countries on the continent.

The war in Bosnia and Herzegovina ended in 1995 with the Dayton Agreement, reached in the autumn of that year. Before the agreement, the Srebrenica massacre occurred in July, which international courts characterized as genocide.

Technology

Windows 95 was released in 1995, popularizing personal computer use. Commercial internet services also expanded, including online retail networks and web browser software.