41 (number)
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41 is a natural number in standard mathematics, coming after 40 and before 42. In the decimal system, it consists of two digits: 4 and 1.
41 is a prime number, meaning it cannot be divided by any natural number except 1 and 41 itself. It is the prime number following 37 and preceding 43.
Mathematical properties
41 and 43 are twin primes, since their difference is 2. Additionally, 41 can be expressed as the sum of two perfect squares: 25 + 16 = 41, or 5² + 4². This property relates to the fact that every prime number that leaves a remainder of 1 when divided by 4 can be written as the sum of two perfect squares.
41 is the sum of the first six prime numbers: 2 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 11 + 13 = 41. It is not a Sophie Germain prime, but it appears in the sequence of primes generated by Euler's formula n² + n + 41, which produces prime numbers when n ranges from 0 to 39.
Notation and other bases
In Roman numerals, 41 is written as XLI. In binary, it is 101001. In hexadecimal, it is 29.
Other uses
41 is used as a numbering marker in many contexts: year numbering (the 41st year), player numbers in sports, and atomic numbers in chemistry. For example, the atomic number 41 is assigned to the element niobium.