50 (number)
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50 (konton) is a natural number that comes after 49 and before 51. It is an even number, meaning it can be divided by two with no remainder. It is half of one hundred, since 50 + 50 = 100.
In the Hindu-Arabic numeral system it is written with two digits: 5 and 0. In Roman numerals it is represented by the letter L. In public mathematics and commerce, 50% is used to denote half of any quantity.
Mathematical properties
The prime factorization of 50 is 2 × 5 × 5, or 2 × 5². All its divisors are 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, and 50. Since 50 has divisors other than 1 and itself, it is a composite number and not a prime number.
50 is the smallest number that can be expressed as the sum of two distinct squares in two ways: 1² + 7² = 1 + 49 = 50, and 5² + 5² = 25 + 25 = 50. Additionally, 50 is a Harshad number in base ten: the sum of its digits (5 + 0 = 5) divides 50 evenly, giving 10.
Common usage
A completed fifty years is commonly called a 'fiftieth birthday' or 'golden jubilee'. In measurements and currency, 50 is among the standard numbers printed on banknotes and coins, because it is easy to combine or divide evenly.
In ranking and statistical systems, 50 is used as a conventional benchmark, for example in 'the top 50' or dividing data into two equal parts (the median, referred to as the 50th percentile).