Facial and Body Cream

Facial and body cream is a cosmetic product made from an emulsion of oil and water. Its primary purpose is to moisturize the skin, maintain skin elasticity, and prevent dryness and small wrinkles. It is applied to the surface of the skin, usually after cleansing or bathing.

Creams vary in thickness and intended use. Facial creams are generally light and absorb quickly, while body creams—for the hands, feet, and body—are heavier and may contain more oil. There are also specialized creams such as hand creams, foot creams, and creams for children.

Components

Many creams are based on an emulsion—a mixture of oil and water held together by a substance called an emulsifier. Added ingredients include humectants (such as glycerin) that draw water to the skin; occlusives (such as petrolatum or wax) that seal the skin and prevent water loss; and emollients that soften the skin. Preservatives are also added to prevent the cream from spoiling quickly, and sometimes fragrance.

How it works

The skin's surface has a layer called the stratum corneum that protects the inner layers. When this layer becomes dry, the skin becomes rough and prone to small cracks. Cream works in two ways: by providing new moisture to the outer layer, and by forming a seal that reduces water loss. For this reason, applying cream to still-damp skin typically produces better results.

Medical and cosmetic use

Moisturizing cream is part of treating skin conditions such as eczema and dry skin, and dermatologists often recommend it. On the other hand, cosmetic creams claim to change skin tone or add shine. Some skin-lightening products contain potentially harmful substances such as mercury or excessive hydroquinone, which are prohibited or restricted in many countries.

Considerations

Some people may experience mild irritation or burning from fragrances or preservatives. For this reason, fragrance-free creams are formulated for sensitive skin. Some facial creams include sun protection (SPF), but often in limited amounts, meaning additional sun protection is needed with high sun exposure.