Watermelon

Watermelon (also called xabxab) is a fruit-bearing plant of the family Cucurbitaceae, which includes squash, pumpkin, and melon. Its scientific name is Citrullus lanatus. The plant is a ground creeper with long branches, and its fruits are heavy.

The fruits have a hard outer rind that is green or marked with green stripes, and soft flesh inside that is usually red or pink, sometimes yellow or light-colored. The flesh is high in water content, which is why it is drunk or eaten raw. The seeds (pips) are black or brown, and can be roasted or eaten raw.

Cultivation

Watermelon requires heat and abundant sunlight, so it is widely grown in hot and dry regions. It prefers well-drained soil that retains moisture adequately. It is often planted along riverbanks and irrigated fields. The period between planting and harvest depends on the variety and climate.

Uses

The fruit is most commonly eaten fresh, especially during hot seasons. It is also made into juice. Some cultures use the inner rind and seeds as food. Because of its high water content, it is seen as helping to hydrate the body.

History and distribution

The genus Citrullus originates in Africa, and wild species related to it are believed to have begun in parts of the continent. It was subsequently spread to the Middle East, Asia, and Europe, and is now a global fruit. Many varieties have been developed to obtain fruits with fewer seeds or different forms.