Yarn

Yarn is a thin strand made from twisted fibers that are bound together to provide strength and length. It is used to make cloth, rope, or cord. Yarn is produced from plant fibers such as cotton and linen, animal fibers such as wool and silk, and synthetic materials such as polyester and nylon.

The distinction between yarn and other thread is measured by weight and function. Yarn is generally light and able to pass through fabric, whereas heavier threads are used for weaving and tying. Each type of yarn is characterized by its weight, the number of twisted fibers, and the direction of the twist.

Manufacturing

The basic process is to combine short fibers and twist them together (spinning). The twist causes the fibers to hold together and not easily separate. When two or more plies of yarn are twisted together again, stronger yarn is produced. In earlier times this work was done by hand using simple tools such as a spinning wheel; today factories use machines.

Uses

The most common use is textile production: yarn holds two threads together. It is also used in knitting, producing embroidered designs on cloth, making rope, and artistic work. In some applications, such as medical treatment, special clean yarn is used to close wounds.

Types

Cotton yarn is ordinary and soft, though moderately strong. Silk yarn is lustrous and smooth. Polyester yarn has high strength, does not easily break or wear, making it widely used in factories. Wool yarn is often used in knitting clothing.