Dooni

A dooni (also called doon) is a watercraft generally smaller than a large vessel. It is used for fishing, transporting people and cargo, coastal trade, recreation, and hunting. Some doonis are propelled by sail, others by oar, and still others are fitted with motors.

The distinction between a dooni and a larger vessel has no fixed boundary. Classification usually depends on size, cargo capacity, and whether it can undertake voyages in open ocean over long distances, among other factors. The basic structure consists of a hull, which displaces water and bears the weight of the vessel, together with other components such as a mast, rudder, and keel.

How it floats

A dooni floats on the principle of water displacement: the hull pushes water aside, generating an upward force equal to the weight of water displaced. When the hull is waterproof and contains air, the dooni will float even if the materials from which it is made are heavier than water. The stability of a dooni depends on the shape of the hull, the location of the centre of gravity, and the depth of the keel in certain types of dooni.

Types

Doonis are classified by propulsion method: rowing doonis (like canoes and kayaks), sail doonis, and motorized doonis. They are also classified by function: fishing doonis, passenger doonis, cargo doonis, recreational doonis, and coastal patrol doonis. Materials used include wood, steel, aluminium, fibreglass, and reed.

Doonis of the Indian Ocean

The coasts of Somalia and the Indian Ocean generally have a tradition of wooden sail doonis that navigate according to the monsoon season. These doonis have been used for coastal trade, passenger transport, and fishing. In recent times, outboard motors have become common additions to small fishing doonis.