Job

A job is a continuous task performed by an individual, typically involving financial compensation such as a salary or hourly wage. A job specifies duties, working hours, and the workplace. The term differs from 'skill'—skill refers to a person's knowledge and training, whereas a job is the specific position a person currently holds.

A job may take the form of employment (working for an organization), self-employment, or independent contracting. Employment relationships are typically defined by contract, labor law, and national legislation governing minimum wage, working hours, and workplace safety.

Types of jobs

Jobs are classified in various ways. By duration, there are full-time and part-time jobs. By contract type, there are permanent positions, temporary positions, and seasonal work such as agricultural labor. There is also a distinction between manual labor (physical work) and mental or office work.

Job market

The job market is where job seekers and employers meet. Labor demand depends on the level of economic output, technology, and government policy. When job seekers outnumber available positions, unemployment results. Unemployment statistics typically count only those actively seeking work.

Job definition and evaluation

Organizations typically prepare a written job description outlining duties, duration, and qualification requirements. Performance reviews are used to measure how well an employee has fulfilled their responsibilities. Job classification practices form the basis for salary levels and career advancement in organizations.