Koronto

Koronto (Ingiriisi: electricity) waa magac guud oo loo bixiyo ifafaalayaasha ka dhasha kharashka korantada (electric charge), oo ah astaan aasaasi ah oo ay leeyihiin qaybo yaryar sida elektaroon iyo protoon. Marka kharashyadu is-dhaafaan ama socdaan, waxaa dhasha xoog, tamar iyo beero (fields) la cabbiri karo.

Erayga koronto waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa macnaha maalinlaha ah ee tamarta laga sameeyo warshadaha korontada oo lagu qaybiyo silsilado xadhkaha ah. Nidaamkaas waxaa lagu shaqeeyaa iftiin, kulayl, mishiinno iyo qalab elektaroonig ah.

Kharashka iyo dareenka

Kharashku wuxuu leeyahay laba nooc: mid togan (positive) iyo mid taban (negative). Kharashyada isku nooca ahi way is-riixaan, kuwa kala duwanina way is-jiitaan. Dareenka korantada (current) waa qulqulka kharashka ee maraya wax-gudbiye sida silig naxaas ah, waxaana lagu cabbiraa amper. Kala-duwanaanshaha awoodda (voltage) oo lagu cabbiro foolt ayaa kicinaya qulqulkaas, halka iska-caabbinta (resistance) oo lagu cabbiro oom ay xaddidayso.

Koronto iyo birlab

Koronto iyo birlab (magnetism) waa laba dhinac oo isku ifafaale ah oo la yidhaahdo elektaromagnetism. Dareen koronto oo socda wuxuu abuuraa beer birlabeed, beer birlabeed isbeddelayaana wuxuu ku dhalin karaa koronto wax-gudbiye ku dhow. Mabda'aas ayaa saldhig u ah janareytarrada iyo mishiinnada korontada (motor).

Soo-saarid iyo qaybin

Inta badan korontada adduunka waxaa lagu soo saaraa janareytarro ay wadaan turbiinno ay kicisay uumi, biyo, dabayl ama gaas. Sidoo kale waxaa jira taleefishinno qorraxeed (photovoltaic) oo iftiinka toos uga sameeya koronto. Marka la soo saaro, waxaa lagu qaadaa xadhko awood sare leh, dabadeedna hoos loogu dhigaa qalab la yidhaahdo transformer si loo gaadhsiiyo guryaha iyo warshadaha.

Badbaado

Koronto marka ay jidhka soo martona way dhaawici kartaa unugyada neerfaha iyo wadnaha, dabna qabsan kartaa marka xadhkuhu kulaylaan ama gaaban yihiin (short circuit). Sababtaas awgeed waxaa la isticmaalaa dahaadh (insulation), fiyuuska iyo dhulmarin (earthing).